Electroosmotic Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in Curved Rectangular Microchannels

XING Jingnan; LIU Yongbo

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.450199

Volume 46 Issue 6

Jun. 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Applied Mathematics and Mechanics > 2025 > 46(6): 717-729

XING Jingnan, LIU Yongbo. Electroosmotic Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in Curved Rectangular Microchannels[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2025, 46(6): 717-729. doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.450199

Citation:

PDF( 2050 KB)

Electroosmotic Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in Curved Rectangular Microchannels

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.450199

XING Jingnan^1
,,
LIU Yongbo^{2, 3, 4
,
,}

1.
School of Information Engineering, Pioneer College, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
2.
College of Mathematics Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
3.
Laboratory of Infinite-Dimensional Hamiltonian System and Its Algorithm Application, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
4.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Applied Mathematics, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China

Received Date: 2024-07-08
Rev Recd Date: 2024-08-31
Publish Date: 2025-06-01

Abstract

Abstract

Curved microchannels exhibit significant advantages in electroosmotic flow and heat transfer, including increased electroosmotic flow velocities and improved heat transfer efficiencies. At the same time, nanofluids have received widespread attention due to their excellent heat transfer performances. However, current research on the electroosmotic flow and heat transfer mechanisms of nanofluids within curved microchannels remains insufficient. Herein, the effects of the geometry of curved microchannels on the electroosmotic flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in the microchannels were investigated at low zeta potentials and constant wall heat fluxes. The creeping Dean flow was considered, and the velocity field was kept in a straight line distribution due to no centripetal force. The semi-analytic solutions of velocity and temperature were obtained with the Fourier transform method, and the mathematical expression of Nusselt number Nu was derived based on the velocity and temperature solutions. The variation trends of the velocity, the temperature, and Nusselt number Nu with curvature ratio δ, nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ, and the ratio of the characteristic pressure velocity to the characteristic electroosmotic velocity u_r, were analyzed, with the characteristics of the flow and heat transfer phenomena revealed. The results show that, Nusselt number Nu decreases with the pressure velocity and the curvature ratio, and increases with the nanoparticle volume fraction. The work provides an important reference for the design and application of micro and nano fluid devices, and helps to optimize the device performances and applications.
- curved microchannel,
- heat transfer characteristic,
- nanofluid,
- electroosmotic flow

FullText(HTML)

References(46)

References

[1]	长龙, 布仁满都拉, 孙艳军, 等. 具有正弦波纹的平行板微通道中Jeffrey流体周期电渗流动[J]. 应用数学和力学, 2024, 45(5): 622-636. doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.440333 CHANG Long, BUREN Mandula, SUN Yanjun, et al. Periodic electroosmotic flow of the Jeffrey fluid in microchannel between two sinusoidally wavy walls[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2024, 45(5): 622-636. (in Chinese) doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.440333
[2]	杜昌隆, 夏威豪, 杨嘉杰, 等. 缩放管中黏弹性流体电渗压力混合流模拟研究[J]. 应用数学和力学, 2023, 44(6): 643-653. doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.430255 DU Changlong, XIA Weihao, YANG Jiajie, et al. Simulation of electroosmotic and pressure-driven mixed flow of viscoelastic fluids in converging-diverging tubes[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2023, 44(6): 643-653. (in Chinese) doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.430255
[3]	YUAN S, ZHOU M, LIU X, et al. Effect of pressure-driven flow on electroosmotic flow and electrokinetic mass transport in microchannels[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2023, 206: 123925.
[4]	MALA G M, LI D, DALE J D. Heat transfer and fluid flow in microchannels[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1997, 40(13): 3079-3088.
[5]	AZARI M, SADEGHI A, CHAKRABORTY S. Electroosmotic flow and heat transfer in a heterogeneous circular microchannel[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 2020, 87: 640-654.
[6]	AL-RJOUB M F, ROY A K, GANGULI S, et al. Enhanced heat transfer in a micro-scale heat exchanger using nano-particle laden electro-osmotic flow[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2015, 68: 228-235.
[7]	VOCALE P, GERI M, CATTANI L, et al. Electro-osmotic heat transfer in elliptical microchannels under H1 boundary condition[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2013, 72: 92-101.
[8]	AL-RJOUB M F, ROY A K, GANGULI S, et al. Assessment of an active-cooling micro-channel heat sink device, using electro-osmotic flow[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011, 54(21/22): 4560-4569.
[9]	ENG P F, NITHIARASU P, GUY O J. An experimental study on an electro-osmotic flow-based silicon heat spreader[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2010, 9(4): 787-795.
[10]	XUAN X, XU B, SINTON D, et al. Electroosmotic flow with Joule heating effects[J]. Lab on a Chip, 2004, 4(3): 230-236.
[11]	WANG C, WONG T N, YANG C, et al. Characterization of electroosmotic flow in rectangular microchannels[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2007, 50(15/16): 3115-3121.
[12]	QI C, NG C O. Electroosmotic flow of a two-layer fluid in a slit channel with gradually varying wall shape and zeta potential[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 119: 52-64.
[13]	TANG G H, LI X F, HE Y L, et al. Electroosmotic flow of non-Newtonian fluid in microchannels[J]. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2009, 157(1/2): 133-137.
[14]	CHAUBE M K, YADAV A, TRIPATHI D, et al. Electroosmotic flow of biorheological micropolar fluids through microfluidic channels[J]. Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, 2018, 30(2): 89-98.
[15]	CHANG C C, WANG C Y. Starting electroosmotic flow in an annulus and in a rectangular channel[J]. Electrophoresis, 2008, 29(14): 2970-2979.
[16]	XUAN X C, LI D Q. Electroosmotic flow in microchannels with arbitrary geometry and arbitrary distribution of wall charge[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 289(1): 291-303.
[17]	DUTTA P, BESKOK A, WARBURTON T C. Electroosmotic flow control in complex microgeometries[J]. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 2002, 11(1): 36-44.
[18]	GERI M, LORENZINI M, MORINI G L. Effects of the channel geometry and of the fluid composition on the performances of DC electro-osmotic pumps[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2012, 55: 114-121.
[19]	TANG G Y, YAN D G, YANG C, et al. Assessment of Joule heating and its effects on electroosmotic flow and electrophoretic transport of solutes in microfluidic channels[J]. Electrophoresis, 2006, 27(3): 628-639.
[20]	ZHAO C L, YANG C. Joule heating induced heat transfer for electroosmotic flow of power-law fluids in a microcapillary[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2012, 55(7/8): 2044-2051.
[21]	PAN J J, WANG X Y, CHIANG C L, et al. Joule heating and electroosmotic flow in cellular micro/nano electroporation[J]. Lab on a Chip, 2024, 24(4): 819-831.
[22]	CHAKRABORTY S, ROY S. Thermally developing electroosmotic transport of nanofluids in microchannels[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2008, 4(6): 501-511.
[23]	SARKAR S, GANGULY S. Fully developed thermal transport in combined pressure and electroosmotically driven flow of nanofluid in a microchannel under the effect of a magnetic field[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2015, 18 (4): 623-636.
[24]	TRIPATHI D, SHARMA A, BÉG O A. Electrothermal transport of nanofluids via peristaltic pumping in a finite micro-channel: effects of Joule heating and Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 111: 138-149.
[25]	AKRAM J, AKBAR N S, TRIPATHI D. Numerical simulation of electrokinetically driven peristaltic pumping of silver-water nanofluids in an asymmetric microchannel[J]. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2020, 68: 745-763.
[26]	ZHAO G P, JIAN Y J. Thermal transport of combined electroosmotically and pressure driven nanofluid flow in soft nanochannels[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019, 135(1): 379-391.
[27]	NARLA V K, TRIPATHI D, BÉG O A. Electro-osmotic nanofluid flow in a curved microchannel[J]. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2020, 67: 544-558.
[28]	AKRAM J, AKBAR N S, ALANSARI M, et al. Electroosmotically modulated peristaltic propulsion of TiO₂/10W40 nanofluid in curved microchannel[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2022, 136: 106208.
[29]	BILAL M, ASGHAR I, RAMZAN M, et al. Dissipated electroosmotic EMHD hybrid nanofluid flow through the micro-channel[J]. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 4771.
[30]	SARAVANI M S, KALTEH M. Heat transfer investigation of combined electroosmotic/pressure driven nanofluid flow in a microchannel: effect of heterogeneous surface potential and slip boundary condition[J]. European Journal of Mechanics B: Fluids, 2020, 80: 13-25.
[31]	KOCKMANN N, ENGLER M, HALLER D, et al. Fluid dynamics and transfer processes in bended microchannels[J]. Heat Transfer Engineering, 2005, 26(3): 71-78.
[32]	SCHÖNFELD F, HARDT S. Simulation of helical flows in microchannels[J]. AIChE Journal, 2004, 50(4): 771-778.
[33]	JIANG F, DRESE K S, HARDT S, et al. Helical flows and chaotic mixing in curved micro channels[J]. AIChE Journal, 2004, 50(9): 2297-2305.
[34]	OOKAWARA S, HIGASHI R, STREET D, et al. Feasibility study on concentration of slurry and classification of contained particles by microchannel[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2004, 101(1/2/3): 171-178.
[35]	ZOUROB M, MOHR S, MAYES A G, et al. A micro-reactor for preparing uniform molecularly imprinted polymer beads[J]. Lab on a Chip, 2006, 6(2): 296-301.
[36]	LUO W J. Transient electroosmotic flow induced by DC or AC electric fields in a curved microtube[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2004, 278(2): 497-507.
[37]	LUO W J, PAN Y J, YANG R J. Transient analysis of electro-osmotic secondary flow induced by DC or AC electric field in a curved rectangular microchannel[J]. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 2005, 15(3): 463-473.
[38]	NEKOUBIN N. Electroosmotic flow of power-law fluids in curved rectangular microchannel with high zeta potentials[J]. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 260: 54-68.
[39]	LIU Y B, XING J N, JIAN Y J. Heat transfer and entropy generation analysis of electroosmotic flows in curved rectangular nanochannels considering the influence of steric effects[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2022, 139: 106501.
[40]	LIU Y B. Effect of boundary slip on electroosmotic flow in a curved rectangular microchannel[J]. Chinese Physics B, 2024, 33(7): 074101.
[41]	WANG M, CHEN S. On applicability of Poisson-Boltzmann equation for micro-and nanoscale electroosmotic flows[J]. Communications in Computational Physics, 2008, 3(5): 1087-1099.
[42]	GANGULY S, SARKAR S, HOTA T K, et al. Thermally developing combined electroosmotic and pressure-driven flow of nanofluids in a microchannel under the effect of magnetic field[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 126: 10-21.
[43]	LIU Y, JIAN Y, YANG C. Electrochemomechanical energy conversion efficiency in curved rectangular nanochannels[J]. Energy, 2020, 198: 117401.
[44]	NOROUZI M, ZARE VAMERZANI B, DAVOODI M, et al. An exact analytical solution for creeping Dean flow of Bingham plastics through curved rectangular ducts[J]. Rheologica Acta, 2015, 54(5): 391-402.
[45]	TING T W, HUNG Y M, GUO N. Viscous dissipative forced convection in thermal non-equilibrium nanofluid-saturated porous media embedded in microchannels[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2014, 57: 309-318.
[46]	SU J, JIAN Y, CHANG L. Thermally fully developed electroosmotic flow through a rectangular microchannel[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2012, 55(21/22): 6285-6290.